Printing
Printing is an industrial process for writing and drawing pemproduksikan mass, using ink on paper using a printing press. The printing press is an essential part of publishing and transaction printing. The printing press used to make many identical copies of pages. Now used to print books and newspapers. Now everything can be done automatically. When the printing press invented by Johannes Gutenberg, he must put the letters together. Each letter in the metal block in a frame. Then he can move the paper and ink on it, much like a stamp. Letters that would leave some ink on paper.
Today many books and newspapers printed using offset printing techniques. Usually the image to be printed prior to the above described offset plate with the help of a laser printer and then the plates will be processed into a pattern of printing to be imposed penintaan onto print paper. The colors can be obtained by attributing some of the color pattern offset from each plate well.
Another common printing techniques including relief printing, screen printing, rotogravure, and digital-based printing such as needle ribbon, inkjet, and laser.
Also known poly printing techniques for the giving the impression of gold and silver to the surface and emboss print to give the impression to the paper stand out.
History
Chances are the first printing press was invented to facilitate the duplication of the gospel. If previously written by hand in the scriptoria room, then since the time humans began to think renaisansce to accelerate this process through mass production.
Printing techniques known first start of the City of Mainz, Germany in 1440 which is the handicraft center at the time the coin. Method was first printed by Johannes Gutenberg introduced the inspiration digesekkan coin with charcoal on paper.
Coin Relief raises the idea to create a surface with varying height. This is known as a high print. High print is the name for the technique of printing in graphic arts, including wood cukil techniques, where the plate / board that will print color is the original surface; part colorless dicukil.Dan is a regular part can also be called a relief print
In contrast to this technique is intaglio printing techniques, like those found in the engraving or etching.
Offset printing
Offset printing is a printing technique that is widely used, in which the inked image on the transfer / offset from the first plate to the rubber sheet, then to the surface to be printed. When combined with a lithograph process, which is based on the nature of water and oil do not mix, then the offset technique uses an image loader flat (planographic) where the image will be printed to take ink from ink rollers (ink rollers), while areas that are not printed attracting water, causing the area to no ink-free printing.
Prints / Print Filter
Prints / Print strain is one of the techniques of the printing process using screens (screen) with a particular fiber density. This screen is then given a pattern from the negative design made earlier. This cloth is stretched tightly in order to produce the printout screen and flat. Having given fotoresis and lit, will form the parts that can be passed and not ink.
The process of execution is by pouring ink on the screen and then washed using a palette made of rubber. One screen is used for one color.
Rotogravure
Rotogravure is a printing technology in the world. Rotogravure alone in the world of print graphics means. Or in layman language is the printing technology used to print media made of a flexible material (eg; various types of plastic, aluminum and paper and PVC). Materials to be printed is in the form of rollers or rolls. Results from the rotogravure printing is not directly can be enjoyed by consumers, but must go through several stages, as follows (eg manufacture of snack packs of children);
1. Plastic laminated printout by placing first in print rollers to laminate machine, then the plastic rollers are coated with adhesive and attached to other media in the form of "metalize" (a mixture of plastic material coated with aluminum).
2. Results that have been laminated rolls and then dried (in the "aging") first.
3. Rollers that have been dried and then taken to the machine "slitter", to cut long, wide rolls into a certain size in accordance with orders from the snack manufacturer.
The above process only a brief description, behind it is still a lot of technology used in the world to produce a rotogravure packaging. Starting from design, making cylindrical tubes of iron, copper coating, making the picture above has a metal cylinder covered with copper, chrome coating, printing, inspection, lamination, slitting (cutting), making bags (if that orders sent form pockets) and many longer process therein.
Because in the process changing the form of raw material into a material, usually this process is called process of "converting" or in other words is "converting industry"
As for some everyday examples of converting the result is, as follows: 1. 2 packs of instant noodle. Packaging of drugs (other than the capsule and syrup and eye drops) 3. 4 snack packs. Water bottle label bottled mineral water and isotonic (called shrink label) 5. Close mineral water drinks, etc. (cup lid) 6. And the like.
Digital Printing
Digital printing is all reproductive technologies that receive electronic data and use the point (dot) for replication. All the printing press that utilizes the computer as a source of data and the print process is using the principle of the point; where the picture or image in materials (paper, plastics, textiles, etc.) are composed of a collection of points.
Definition printer, copier, press
Based on the print engine existing applications, the digital print classified roughly 3;
(1) printer - such as a printer for the Personal Computer (PC)
(2) copier - such as copiers equipped with a scanner
(3) press - such as offset printing machines.
Printer is all the technology, which makes printing pictures or images on paper drawn from the data / computer files; produce the first derivative of the print or original printing in which each mold can be unique or changed. This feature provides the ability personalized printed materials. All documents can be an individual. Ink technology can be used inkjet, wax-transfer and toner.
Copier or a copier, scanner tool is characterized by; produce a second derivative mold. Copiers can reproduce the first derivative of the mold. Common ink toner used is, using technology elektrofotografi.
Press or printing press, characterized by a mechanical system that relies on conducting (carrier) image to replicate or duplicate an image similar to the material (paper) printed repeatedly and continuously. Commonly found in lithografi offset printing equipment, which allows to print the paper size and bulk.
In the development of digital printing applications, from the three groups developing mixtures machine;
1. Printer Press
2. Press Printer
3. Scanner Printer.
Printer Press, often referred to as a printer print (the first derivatives of documents) good high quality black and white or color. Printer engine speed reaches 50 pages per minute or more, which is equipped with a belt to speed up "delivery" and holding a paper with a static electric effect. Replace belt roller which often cause problems for high-speed jamming. This tool enables the printer to make a dynamic image / changed on the photoconductor belt or a drum for every 50 pages printed. Not infrequently this printer device equipped with a bindery and finishing facilities.
Press printer, printing equipment offset press with the process of conducting a direct image above offset machine - without any outside prepress process of printing, the printing device is added to the printer at the end to provide a dynamic / changing. Usually a set of printing these additional printers using inkjet ink technology.
Printer scanner, printer, printing device equipped with a scanner equipment. This printing machine is equipped network-related RIP, raster image processor, allowing to modify the results of the scanning image. This type of information is the first derivative of the document, is different from the copier machine is often confused because both use the scanner equipment.
Reproductive Information
To better understand the concept of digital printing, so there are roughly 2 reproductive groups of information;
1. Static printing
2. Dynamic Printing.
Static Printing, the process of doubling the same information and remain in large numbers. To change the information from one printout to spend effort, cost and a large amount of mold that are not needed. We refer to the traditional print processes such as offset printing machine, where the image carrier is blanket contains the same information and keep for a number of sheets printed.
Dynamic Printing, the process of doubling the information that could change for each sheet printed. We can refer to the copier machine or copier, which can multiply each sheet of paper with different information depending on the information you want copied.
Based on the characteristics and general nature of the dynamic printing above were found on equipment, methods and digital printing technology. Ability to provide dynamic information associated with the use of files and / or the computer itself. Computers are the main pillars of digital printing.
Reproductive Parameter Information
Broadly speaking there are 2 groups of parameters;
- The main parameters and
- Parameters complement to distinguish Static and Dynamic Printing, and at the same time the guidelines in using each type of mold.
The main parameters, parameters that are unique and specific in distinguishing static and dynamic printing, consisting of;
1. Image carrier
2. Variability information
3. Cycle time
4. Number printed
5. Front cost
Further explanation can be seen following paragraphs "Defining Digital Printing".
Complementary parameters, parameters that nature continue to grow and change as possible in which a lack of means and the unique differences between static and dynamic printing, consisting of;
1. Quality printing
2. Type of paper
3. Demy
4. Ink materials
Further explanation in the paragraph "Technology Equipment Digital Printing".
Defining the Digital Printing
By understanding the parameters above we easily see and define the multi-aspect and the name of digital printing. Dynamic printing itself is a red thread of the term digital printing, where the use of computers and computer files is the origin of the development of digital printing.
Technological developments of the main parameters of reproduction of information leading to the development of digital printing aspects, among others;
1. Direct Imaging;
Associated with the process of making "image carrier" (such as pengahantar image plate and blanket)
2. Variable Printing
Associated with variable information
3. On-Demand Printing
Related to the amount of mold, cycle time and cost front
4. Distributed Printing
Related to the technology itself, computer files that can be moved and stored
5. Digital prepress and Workflow
Associated with the technology itself, computer files that can be moved and stored
Impact & Non-Impact Printing
Are factors and non-impact printing has impatc and role in the development of digital printing?. The answer is yes and no, at first all digital printing refers to the non-impact printing wlaupun with direct imaging technology we can do process printing lithografi the impact printing.
However, this term is clearly not a factor that defines digital printing.
Impact Printing, with the ignition ditandadi image carrier with printed materials (paper, plastic).
Digital Printing Equipment Technology
The development of digital printing equipment technology is strongly influenced by the use of ink materials, among others;
Ink, toner, ink jet, etc.
